简介:在这篇论文,我们在模仿季节的周期和永久冬季平均数检验SAMIL/LASGGCM(R42/L26)的26水平版本的表演由把他们与NCEP/NCAR分析作比较的同温层的循环以及它的可变性。结果证明模型能够尽管有,复制气候学和同温层的发行量的季节的变化的许多特色模型是吝啬的极的旋涡,这更强壮、与观察相比更地带地对称。从SAMIL/LASGGCM的perpetual-January-run的结果的进一步的诊断显示在模型的平流层的主导的冬季季节摆动模式作为从NCEP/NCAR分析推断的那些与类似的空间模式展出类似的内部季节的时间规模。特别地,模仿的极的旋涡摆动模式展出一主导的内部季节的时间大约120天可伸缩,并且伴有同时的杆病房并且向下在平流层的温度异例的繁殖和在对流层的温度异例的朝赤道方向繁殖。更鼓励地,SAMIL/LASGGCM的26层版本能在1825天期间生产三个强壮的同温层的突然的温暖事件永久--1月集成,与没有强加,完全颠倒一些星期的极的西的喷气,任何东西规定了在更低的边界的异常强迫。
简介:Thispaperrepresentsanefforttoenlargetheunderstandingofthebiophysicalfoundationofagroecosystemsbyusingananalogywiththecirculationofthebloodinthehumanbody.Thecirculationfunctioninthehumanbodycanberepresentedasarterialpressure.Thefactorsaffectingarterialpressureinthehumanbodyhavedirectcounterpartsinthecultivation-husbandrysystem.Therelationshipbetweencirculationpressureandthefactorsaffectingthatpressureinthecultivation-husbandrysystemaresimilartotherelationshipbetweenthearterialpressureandfactorsaffectingarterialpressureinthehumanbody.Furthermore,circulationresistanceinthecultivation-husbandrysystemcanbeshowntobeanalogoustothecalculationofperipheralresistanceinthehumanbodybyPoiseuille’sformula.
简介:Myocardialperfusioniswellcontrolledbyadjustmentofvasomotortoneofre-sistancevessels.Thestaticandsamedynamicaspectsofcoronaryflowcontrolcanwellbedescribedbyassumingfeedbackfromtissueoxygenpressuretothecoronaryvessel.Theseresistancevesselsaresmallarteriesfrom400/mandlessinarteriolesdownto10/m.Itisnotclearyethowvesselsofdifferentsizecanbeunderthecon-troloftissuefactorsandhowadaptationoftoneinlargervesselsistunedtothatofsmallerones.
简介:到来自主要的河的淡水流量的全球海洋循环和温度的回答被在在麻省理工学院开发的全球海洋将军发行量模型(OGCM)堵住地区性的流量学习。进孟加拉和北阿拉伯的海的热带大西洋,西方的诺思太平洋,和海湾的流量有选择地被堵住。首先堵住河流量在河嘴(2个实际咸度单位)附近导致了咸度增加。更咸并且因此,更稠密的水然后被吝啬的水流在北方大西洋,诺思太平洋,和南部的印度洋搬运到更高的纬度。在北、南部的半球的海洋之间的随后的密度对比在主要海洋水流导致了变化。这些异常海洋水流导致重要温度变化(1掳C?2掳C)由结果,异常的热搬运。堵住的河流量创造的水流和温度异例经由沿海、赤道的凯尔文波浪从一海洋盆宣传了到其它。这研究建议河流量可能在海洋的咸度,温度,和发行量正在起一个重要作用;并且部分或充分堵住主要的河转移淡水因为社会目的可能显著地改变海洋咸度,发行量,温度,和大气的气候。进一步的研究是必要的在联合空气海洋系统估计河流量的角色。关键词河流量-海洋将军循环-淡水流动
简介:使用每月的风和海面温度(SST)数据,在印度洋与印度洋偶极子模式(IOD)事件联系的南部的南方的大气循环房间第一次被描述并且检验。分叉的风和压力vertical速度为大气循环房间的鉴定被采用。在积极IOD事件的四个不同阶段期间,在西方的印度洋上的异常南方的哈德利发行量证明空气在更低的对流层在热带,在上面的对流层的流动杆病房,在画热带的水池,和回来升起回到热带。在东方印度洋上的塞诺马劳斯·哈德利循环在西方的印度洋上对那相反。在积极IOD事件期间,当它在西方的印度洋上被加强时,在东方IndianOcean上的南方的哈德利发行量被削弱。在IOD索引和哈德利房间的索引之间的相关分析也证明那,大气循环模式在在记录的时期上的每个IOD事件是明显的。
简介:在Beibu海湾的水循环和沉积运输为它的环境保护和资源利用是重要的。由采用为系统(ROMS)建模的地区性的海洋,我们在Beibu海湾学习了循环,沉积运输和长期的词法进化的季节的变化。模拟结果证明潮和风导致的发行量在海湾在冬季和夏天两个都是气旋的并且风驱动的发行量在夏天比那在冬季是更强壮的。沉积集中在Qiongzhou海峡,海南岛的西方和越南和Leizhou半岛的海岸是更高的。沉积在Qiongzhou海峡在夏天在冬季并且向东向西被搬运。Qiongzhou海峡的西方入口被统治由向西一整年搬运。在河边解除的沉积在河嘴附近被扔。模仿的结果证明沉积运输被潮汐的导致的底部暂停主要在Beibu海湾控制。四个特征为侵蚀和免职的分发模式被总结。(1)侵蚀和免职最是不足道的在里面海湾的区域。(2)沉积免职在Qiongzhou海峡的嘴是更重要的。(3)侵蚀在Qiongzhou海峡的海床被观察。(4)侵蚀和免职在海南岛的西方或者发生。
简介:GravitationaleffectofwatercirculationinthenorthwestYunnanMin-YuJIA;(贾民育)Shao-AnSUN;(孙少安)Ai-MinXIANG;(项爱民)andDong-ZhiLIU(刘冬至)(...
简介:Aprocessfornumericalanalysisofradialcirculationdistributionofpropellerbladeisproposedandpresented.Itisbasedontheresultsofnumericalsimulationofthevelocityfieldaroundpropellerbladesandinthewake.Thewell-knowntraditionalmethodusingtangentialvelocitydatainthewakeandapplyingStockes'stheoremwasalsoexaminedintheinvestigation.Theresultsfromtwoapproachesarecomparedwitheachother.Itisfoundthatifthetraditionalwayisutilized,inmanycasesanunexpected'hump'appearsinthecirculationdistributionatcertainouterradius.Theauthorscalculatedthecirculationsdirectlyaroundbladesections,anditisreferredasdirectmethod.Theunexpectedhumpofthecirculationdistributiondisappearsintheresultsofdirectmethod.Thisarticlealsodiscussesthereasonsoftheappearanceoftheunexpectedhumpintraditionalapproach.Thedirectmethodisproposedtohaveapotentialinanalyzingorverifyingtheradialroaddistributionfordesignedpropellerandthenumericalanalysisinsteadofexperimentalvalidationforcirculationdistributioncanbeasatoolinthepropellerdesignprocess.
简介:TheexistingestimatesofthevolumetransportfromthePacificOceantotheSouthChinaSeaaresummarized,showinganannualmeanwestwardtransport,withtheTaiwanStraitoutflowsubtracted,of3.5±2.0Sv(1Sv=106m3s-1).Resultsofaglobaloceancirculationmodelshowanannualmeantransportof3.9SvfromthePacifictotheIndianOceanthroughtheSouthChinaSea.TheborealwintertransportislargerandexhibitsaSouthChinaSeabranchofthePacific-to-IndianOceanthroughflow,whichoriginatesfromthewesternPhilippineSeatowardtheIndonesianSeasthroughtheSouthChinaSea,aswellasthroughtheKarimataandMindoroStraits.ThesouthwestwardcurrentnearthecontinentalslopeofthenorthernSouthChinaSeaisshowntobeacombinationofthisbranchandtheinteriorcirculationgyre.Thiswinterbranchcanbeconfirmedbytrajectoriesofsatellite-trackeddrifters,whichclearlyshowaflowfromtheLuz6nStraittotheKarimataStraitinwinter.Insummer,theflowintheKarimataStraitisreversed.NumericalmodelresultsindicatethatthePacificwatercanentertheSouthChinaSeaandexittowardtheSuluSea,butnoobservationalevidenceisavailable.Therolesofthethroughflowbranchinthecirculation,waterpropertiesandair-seaexchangeoftheSouthChinaSea,andinenhancingandregulatingthevolumetransportandreducingtheheattransportoftheIndonesianThroughflow,arediscussed.
简介:Thisstudydefinesandassessestheselectionciiteriaforsuitableparticulatematerialstobeusedinanupflowbubblingfluidizedbed(UBFB)ordenseup-flowpowdercirculationsystemforsolarenergycaptureandstorage.Themaincriteriaidentifiedarebasedonthethermophysicalandthermomechanicalproperties,attritionbehavior,andtheconsiderationsofhealthandenvironmentalhazardsofthecandidatepowders.Finally,acostcomparisonandtentativerankingofthedifferentcandidatepowdersispresentedinadditiontoaweightedscoring.Significantscoringdifferencescanbeobservedbetweenthevariousmaterials.Olivinepossessesthemostfavorablecharacteristicsandappearstobetheparticulatematerialofchoiceforsolid/gassuspensionheattransferfluids.
简介:在季风发行量上与亚洲夏天季风和他们的影响的预言联系的风地的系统的错误在这份报纸被学习了。每天运作的分析和预报(直到day-5)预报的中等范围天气(NCMRWF)的国家中心,印度在为时期6月的亚洲夏天季风领域上,1995的7月和8月为目的被成为使用。与低级流动联系的系统的错误描出,在贸易的力量的减小弯屈导致在印度洋上生气赤道的流动以及西的流动变弱。上面的水平误差意味着在回来流动的强度西藏的反气旋和减小变弱进南部的半球。进一步,这些错误随预报时期的增加表示成长趋势。除了动能预算学期的一般低估,模型预报没能代表短暂旋涡。预报显示在旋涡的变换的增加的趋势意味着动能。这些错误使衰弱有预报时期的增加的亚洲夏天季风循环。关键词季风-系统的错误-动能预算作者对为提供数据和计算设备执行现在的学习的NCMRWF感激。
简介:在这研究,Jenkinson和Collison(1977)基于兰姆(1950)的一个打字计划开发的分类计划被使用在一个每月的基础上从吝啬的海平面的压力获得发行量类型。从1951~2002的每月吝啬的海平面的压力数据被用来导出六个发行量索引并且向一个发行量目录提供27种发行量类型。最经常发生了的五种主要类型(N,NW,C,CSW,和SW)被分析在各种各样的时间规模上与哈尔滨的温度揭示他们的关系。逐步的多重回归被用来重建温度异例。发生的所有类型和三个学生的合成地图的每月吝啬的降雨打字(C,CSW,和SW)与哈尔滨的降水相关被学习。结果证明在冬季的主导的类型是类型N和NW。类型C,CSW,和SW在夏天经常发生。类型N和NW赞成一个否定温度异例并且当类型C,CSW,和SW经常导致一个积极温度异例并且对应于更多的降雨时,对应于更少的降雨。而且,一个成功的统计模型能被建立与仅仅,六之一索引并且大规模吝啬的温度。用模型,在在1951和2002之间的温度异例的77.3%全部的变化能被重建。类型C与全部的降雨有一种靠近的关系,类型C降水在在最近的年里决定哈尔滨的全部的降雨起一个主要作用。这个分类计划是有温度的一个统计downscaling模型和它的关系,降水能被用来预报地区性的气候。[出版摘要]
简介:TheabruptchangesofzonalcirculationintheTibetanPlateau(TP)regionandtheirlikelycausesarederivedfromNationalCentersforEnvironmentalPredictionandtheNationalCenterforAtmosphericResearchreanalysisdata.ThezonalcirculationovertheTPabruptlychangedinsummer(31stpentad)andwinter(59thpentad).Theswitchfromsummertowintercirculationischaracterizedbyasuddennorthwardshiftofthewesterliesandthezero-velocitycurveanddisappearanceofthewesterlyjet.Thewinter-summerswitchischaracterizedbythereversepattern.Therefore,thecirculationconversionbetweensummerandwintercanbejudgedfromthepositionofthezero-velocitycurve.Curveslocatednorthof20°NindicatesummercirculationovertheTPandviceversa.TheabruptchangeofzonalcirculationismainlycausedbythethermodynamiceffectoftheTP.InJune,thiseffectcausesahugemonsooncirculationcellextendingfromtheTPtolowlatitudes.Consequently,thewesterliesjumptothenorthaseasterliesdevelop.Thisprocess,whichisenhancedbythestrongnortherlyinCoriolis,establishesthesummercirculation.InOctober,theHadleycellrecursasthethermaleffectsoftheTPdiminish,thewesterliesrushsouthward,andthewintercirculationisestablished.
简介:Splanchniccirculationistheprimarymechanismthatregulatesvolumesofcirculatingbloodandsystemicbloodpressureinpatientswithcirrhosisaccompaniedbyportalhypertension.Recently,interesthasbeenexpressedinmodulatingsplanchniccirculationinpatientswithlivercirrhosis,becausethiscapabilitymightproducebeneficialeffectsincirrhoticpatientsundergoingalivertransplant.Pharmacologicmodulationofsplanchniccirculationbyuseofvasoconstrictorsmightminimizevenouscongestion,replenishcentralbloodflow,andthusoptimizemanagementofbloodvolumeduringalivertransplantoperation.Moreover,splanchnicmodulationminimizesanyhighportalbloodflowthatmayoccurfollowingliverresectionandthesubsequentlivertransplant.Thiseffectissignificant,becausehighportalflowimpairsliverregeneration,andthusadverselyaffectsthepostoperativerecoveryofatransplantpatient.Anincreaseinportalbloodflowcanbeminimizedbyeithersurgicalmethods(e.g.,splenicarteryligation,splenectomyorportocavalshunting)oradministrationofsplanchnicvasoconstrictordrugssuchasVasopressinorterlipressin.Finally,modulationofsplanchniccirculationcanhelpmaintainperioperativerenalfunction.Splanchnicvasoconstrictorssuchasterlipressinmayhelpprotectagainstacutekidneyinjuryinpatientsundergoinglivertransplantationbyreducingportalpressureandtheseverityofahyperdynamicstate.Theseeffectsareespeciallyimportantinpatientswhoreceiveatoosmallforsizegraft.TerlipressinselectivelystimulatesV1receptors,andthuscausesarteriolarvasoconstrictioninthesplanchnicregion,withaconsequentshiftofbloodfromsplanchnictosystemiccirculation.Asaresult,terlipressinenhancesrenalperfusionbyincreasingbotheffectivebloodvolumeandmeanarterialpressure.