摘要
Furtherimprovementofriceproductivityremainsachallenge.Breedingisperceivedasanimportantoptiontoincreasericeyield.However,thegeneticprogressofgrainyieldinmostricebreedingprogramswasslowinthelastdecades.Althoughgreatprogressinricegenomicsandmolecularbiologyhasbeenachieved,theeffectofsuchtechnologicalinnovationsonricebreedingisfarsmall.Markerassistedselection(MAS)forafewtargetquantitativetraitloci(QTLs)hassignificanteffectsinimprovingqualitativetraits,suchasdiseaseresistance.ThesuccessofMAShasthereforemotivatedbreederstoidentifyandusemajorQTLsforyieldandyieldcomponenttraits.Inthisreview,wesummarizedtherecentmethodsinQTLidentification,includingnovelstatisticalmethodsforlinkageandassociationmapping,specialpopulationtypes,andwhole-genomesequencing.Wereviewedthesuccessfulapplicationofmarker-assistedgeneintrogressionandgenepyramidingtoimprovegrainyieldanddiscussedthedesignofefficientMASschemestofurtherincreasethesuccessrateofbreedingprograms.Theuseofwell-characterizedmajorQTLsthroughintrogressionandgenepyramidingisproveneffectiveinimprovinggrainyield,particularlyyieldunderabioticstress.MajorQTLsthatarestableacrossgeneticbackgroundandgrowingenvironmentsareoftenfoundinlessadaptedgermplasms,suchaslandracesandwildrelatives.AdvancedbackcrossQTLanalysisandintrogressionlines,whichintegrateQTLdiscoveryandutilization,areimportantmethodsforexploitingmajorQTLscontainedinsuchgermplasms.NextgenerationsequencingsubstantiallyincreasesmappingresolutionandacceleratestheidentificationofcasualgenesunderlyingmajorQTLs.Practicalguidelinesderivedfromtheoreticalandempiricalstudiesaregiventoguidethedesignofefficientmarker-assistedgeneintrogressionandpyramidingschemes.
出版日期
2014年02月12日（中国Betway体育网页登陆平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）
